Hat-brushing machine.



A. B. WARING.

HAT BRUSHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.25.1913.

1,170,027. Bate ited Feb. 1, 1916.

4 SHEETSSHEET I.

A. B. WARING.

HAT BRUSHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25. 1913. 1,170,027. Patented Feb. 1, 1916.

' 4 SHEETSSHEET 2.

' 65 57 65 10 m [/61 0d 0 8 66 a ,6! 700 ,6! 70 o 65 /,60 W 57 50 65 6594 S5 5 w 83 a? SS 100. m 65 10 mi 65 83 Y j' .S *V: WITNESSES f9IIVIIEIVTIOR ATTORNEY THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO-. WASHINGTON. D. c.

A. B. WARING.

HAT BRUSHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.25, 1913.

Patented Feb. '1, 1916.

191709027 SHEETSSHEET a q-" I BY 5W% ATTORNEY THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH420., WASHINGTDN, D. c.

A. B. WARING,

HAT BRUSHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.25, 1913.

1,170,027. Patented Feb. 1, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

IIVVENTOR THB COLUMBIAPLANOGRAPH co., WASHINGTON, n. c.

ARTHUR B. WARING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

HAT-BRUSHING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 1,1916.

Application filed March 25, 1913.- Serial No. 756,648.

To all whom it mag concern Be it known that I, ARTHUR B. VVARING, acitizen of the United States, and resident of the city, county, andState of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inHat-Brushing Machines, of which the following is a specification,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a partthereof.

My invention relates to apparatus employed in the manufacture ofhats andparticularly to machines for brushing hat bodies.

One object of my invention is to provide a simple and efl ective machineof this charac ter that shall produce a vigorous brushing action indifferent directions at angles to each other. My invention is notlimited however, to apparatus for producing any specific brushing actionin one or more directions.

Other objects will be set forth hereinafter.

I will describe my invention in the following specification and pointout the novel features thereof in appended claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of asimple brushing machine constructed in accordance with my invention andillustrating its principles. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the machineof Fig. 1, the tank being broken away to disclose the brush drivingmechanism. An end elevation of the same machine with the tank in sectionis shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 4 is a view corresponding with Fig. 1 of amodified machine, which is provided with a number of cooperating brushrolls and also embodies my invention. Fig. 5 is a partially sectionalelevation of the machine of Fig. 4 looking at the ends of the brushrolls. The machine of Figs. 4: and 5 is shown in plan in Fig. 6 and intransverse sectional elevation in Fig. 7. Fig. 8 is a detail view of amodified arrangement embodying a guide brush roll instead of a fixedguide member. Fig. 9 is a side view of a pair of brush rolls which aremodifications of and may be substituted for those shown in the previousfigures. Another brush roll structure is illustrated in Fig. 10.

Like characters of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

Referring first to the structure of Figs. 1, 2 and 3, a pair ofcooperating brush rolls 10 and 11 are rotatably supported by endbrackets 12 which are secured to and may form a part of a stationarybase 13. A pair of relatively small feed rolls 1 1 and 15 are mounted onone side of the brush rolls and a guiding brush roll 16 is mounted onthe other side, all of the rolls being substan tially parallel andsupported at their ends by the end brackets 12. Bearing blocks 18 aremounted in slots 19 or guideways in the end brackets 12 and may beadjusted vertlcally by screws 20which are rotatably supported by thebrackets and extend through tapped holes in the blocks. The shaft 17 ofthe upper brush roll 10 extends into the bearing blocks so that thevertical position of the roll may readily be varied by adjustmg thescrews. Bearing frames 21 provided with lateral projections 22 whichrest upon shoulders 23 of the end brackets are secured thereto by bolts24: and thus form removable sections of the end brackets. Shafts orshaft pro ections 25, 26, 27 and 28, with which the brush roll 11 andthe rolls 14c, 15 and 16 are respectively provided, are supported neartheir ends in the bearing frames 21. These rolls are therefore fixed inposition relative to each other while the top brush roll 11 isindependently adjustable and may be set at a suitable distance from thebottom brush roll. Gear wheels 29, 30 and 31 are secured to the shafts26, 27 and 28 and as indicated below an operative connection isestablished between them and with the shaft 25. A gear wheel 32, mountedon the shaft 25, is connected to the shaft 27 by idler gear wheels 33and another gear wheel 31 also secured to shaft 25 is connected to theshaft 28 by an idler gear wheel 35. Any suitable driving means whichdoes not interfere with the adjustment of the roll 10, may be employedfor operating the rolls, for example the brush roll 10 may be connectedto a driving shaft 36 by a chain and sprockets and a similar connectionmay be established from the driving shaft to the shaft 26. The bottombrush roll and a portion of the top brush roll together with the rolls14, 15 and 16 may be immersed and operate in water or other liquid whichmay be contained in a tank 38 which fits between the end brackets andrests on the base 13. The bearing frames 21 are preferably located inthe tank to avoid the complications incident to extending rotatableshafts through the wall of the tank below the water line. A guide plate10 which is suitably broken away so that it does not interfere withtheoperation of the cooperating rolls, is supported from the rim of thetank and is bent downwardly below the water level as shown in Fig. 1."

The preferred embodiment of my invention is illustrated in Figs. 4 to 7inclusive but before describing the machine shown therein, Iwill-describe the operation of the simple structure of Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

Assuming that the machine is in operation and that the peripheral speedof the feed rolls 14 and15 is materially less than the peripheral speedof the brush rolls 10 and 11, if a hat body folded in the usual manneris fed into the rolls 14; and 15 in the direction of the arrow 41,'itwill be advanced by the action of the feed rolls and will be acted uponby the brush rolls 1.0 and 11. These rolls tend to move the hat bodyforward at a greater rate of speed than is permitted by the feed rolls14: and 15 and consequently a brushing action on the hat body isproduced. The guiding brush roll 16 is not essential but when it isemployed it preferably operates at av higher peripheral speed than thebrush rolls 10 and 11 and consequently tends to keep the hat body up incontact with a larger porton of brush 10 and moreover has of itself somebrushing effect on the hat body. The brush rolls may be constructed inany suitable manner, but as fully pointed out hereinafter, I prefer toutilize rolls having such a distribution of bristles as to effect abrushing action transverse to the direction in which the hat body isadvanced by the feed rolls.

The m chine shown in Figs. 4 to 7 inclusive to which reference may nowbe had, comprises a plurality of top brush rolls 10 10, 10. and 10 andbottom brush rolls 11, 11", 11. 11 and 11 The top roll 10 cooperateswith the bottom rolls 11 and 11", the top roll 10* coipera es with thebottom rolls 11 j p and 11, etc.

The effect of eight pairs of rolls is thus obtained by the use of ninesingle ro ls. In add t on to the brush rolls,-

the machine is provided with feed rolls 1 1 and 15 as in the machine ofFigs. 1, 2 and 3. It is also provided with a second pair of feed ro lsand 51 located at the opposite end of the train or brush rolls. In thismachine a tank 52 constitutes the support-- ing frame. Pi otallyconnected to this tank at one end is a hollow rectangular frame 53 fromthe s de strips 54 of which, depend bearing brackets 55. Shafts or shafteXtensions 56 of the bottom b ush rolls 11 are rotatably supported neartheir ends in these brackets, the arrangement of parts being such thatthe entire bottom set of brush rolls may be swung upward out of the tankwith the rectangular frame 53. A supporting plate or fra1ne57 is alsopivoted to one end of the tank 52 and carries a plurality of pairs ofstat onarv bearing b ackets 58, 59,

1 60 and 61 (see Fig. 6). A pair of movable bearing brackets 62 arepivotally connected above the axes of rotation of the bottom I brushrolls 11 and 11 and consequently the positionsof the top brush rolls 1010*, 10 and 10 which are rotatably supported in suitablebearingsprovided in the movable brackets 62, may be varied relative tothe bottom rolls by means of the adjusting screws 65. The bearingbrackets 58 and 61 rotatably support the feed rolls 15 and 51 and bellcrank levers 66 and 67 are pivoted to the, same brackets and constituteadjustable bearings for the feed rolls 14: and 50. Adjusting screws 68extend through holes in one arm of the bell crank levers and are screwedinto the frame 57. They correspond to the screws by which the brushrolls are adjusted and each of the screws 65 and 68 is provided with anut or enlargement 69 against which the adjusted member is held by aspring 70. Thus the feed rolls tatably adjustable about a fixed axis inorder. to permit them to be driven by a simple arrangement of gears ashereinafter more fully pointed out. Stationary guide strips 71 arepreferably interposed between the feed rolls and the end brush rolls,and between the coiperat-ing brushing surfaces of the brush rolls forthe purpose of guiding a hat body through the machine and preventing itfrom curling around any one of the brush rolls. If desired smallrotatable brush rolls 75 as shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings may besubstituted for the guide blocks 71. .Any suitable means for driving thefeed and brush rolls at their proper speeds may be employed, as forexample, a shaft (see Fig. 6) which is operated by belting or otherwiseconnecting it to a line shaft or to any suitable driving motor. To thisshaft is secured a plurality of bevel gears 81 which mesh with bevelgears 82. A plurality of short shafts 83, to which the bevel gears 82are secured at one end, are rotatably supported in the stationarybearing brackets 58, 59, 60 and 61 at one side of the machine and totheir inner ends are secured gears 85, 86, 87 and 88. These shafts arecoaxial with or constitute the pivots for the adjustable bearingbrackets '62 and the bell crank levers 66 and 67. The gear is arrangedto drive a pair of gears 90 and 91 that are respectively secured to thefeed rolls 11 and 15 and the gear 88 is similarly connected to gears 92and 93 wh ch are secured to the feed rolls 50 and 51, idler gears 91'and 93 being suitably interposed in order that the rolls may co'iperate.The gear 86 is connected to gears 94 and 95 of the brush rolls 10 and 10and through an idler gear 96 to a gear 97 of the brush roll 11*. Thisbrush roll is operatively connected to the brush rolls 11 and 11 bvidler gears 98 and 99. The gear wheel 87 is similarly connected to agear 100 of the brush roll 11 which in turn is connected to the brushroll 11*. The gear ratios are so chosen that the peripheral speed of thefeed rolls 14 and 15 is materially less than that of the feed rolls 50and 51. The arrangement of gears and the diameters of the brush rolls issuch that they operate at the same peripheral speed but this speed ishigher than that of the feed rolls 14 and 15 and lower than that of thefeed rolls 50 and 51.

The operation of the machine shown in Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7, correspondsin general to that of the machine shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, which hasalready been described. The hat body is introduced to the feed rollsHand 15 and thence moves between the brush. rolls 10 and 11. From theserolls it passes between the brush rolls 10 and 11",

then between the rolls 10 and 11 10 and 11 10 and 11, 10 and 10 10 and11 10 and 11 It finally enters the feed rolls 50 and 51 and isdischarged from the machine. The number and size of the brush rolls issuch that the hat body always leaves the feed rolls 1st and 15 beforeany part of it is acted upon by the feed rolls 50 and 51. As long as thefeed rolls 1st and 15 act upon the hat body and fix its speed, the brushrolls are tending to make it advance at a higher rate of speed andconsequently a brushing action is produced in one direction. \Vhen thehat body leaves the feed rolls 14 and 15, the brush rolls then serveonly as a means for advancing the hat body until the feed rolls 50 and51 are reached. Bv reason of the higher peripheral speed of these feedrolls the hat body is then advanced more rapidly than it would inresponse to the action of the brush rolls upon it and consequently,although the brush rolls rotate in the same direction, it is subjectedto an opposite brushing action.

Attention is directed to the fact that the bushing actions described indetail up to this point, have been in a direction which is substantiallyparallel to the direction of motion of the hat body. It is howeverdesirable to secure in addition to brushing actions in this direction abrushing action in a direction which is transverse to the direction ofmotion. I accomplish this result by a no el disposition of bristles onthe brush rolls themselves. The brush rolls shown in connection with themachines of Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive. comprise cylindrical cores to whichthe bristles are attached in a series of bands or groups. Each band hasthe form of a skewed ring but the groups are all independent of eachother and are substantially parallel. When the brush rolls are rotating,the fact that the bristles are set in rings oblique to the axis ofrotation tends to move a hat body transversely back and forth through adistance depending upon the amount that each band is skewed or distortedfrom a true annulus. In the brush rolls shown in Fig. 9, the bristlesare arranged in the form of a helix or screw thread, the pitch of thethread being the same for the upper and the lower roll of the pair. Byreason of the fact, however that they rotate in opposite directions, thebristles of one of them tends to move a hat body laterally in onedirection while those of the other tend to move the hat body laterallyin the opposite direction. This brushing action may produce a slippingof one layer of the folded hat body over the other or a continual changein the position of the fold in which case the brushing action which isproduced parallel to the direc-' tion of motion will be particularlywell distributed and the work facilitated. If however, the two layers ofthe folded hat body are prevented from sliding over each other, theresultant of the opposite transverse actions will be such as to produceno motion of the hat body, but will produce a vigorous transversebrushing action of the eX- posed surfaces of the body. Each roll mayhave its bristles distributed like the threads of overlapping left and rght hand threads as shown in Fig. 10 in which case the tendency toproduce transverse movement of the hat body will be neutralized in eachroll but the hat body will, receive the desired transverse brushingaction.

Various modifications not only in the structural details of the machineand the driving connections, for the rolls, but also in the arrangementof bristles on the rolls may be effected within the spirit and scope ofmy invention. i

What I claim is:

1. A hat brushing machine comprising cooperating brush rolls tending toproduce a movement of a hat body in one direction and embodying meansfor producing a transverse brushing action and means for holding saidbrush rolls against axial movement.

2. A hat brushing machine comprising cooperating brush rolls tending tomove a hat body between them and embodying means for simultaneouslyproducing a transverse mo ement of the hat body and means for holdingsaid brush rolls against axial movement.

3. A hat brushing machine comprising feed rolls arranged to move a hatbody at a predetermined rate of speed and a plurality of cooperatingbrush rolls in staggered. relation, all operating at the same peripheralspeed and arranged to act upon the hat body at the same time as the feedrolls and tending to produce a motion of the hat body at a differentspeed whereby the hat body is subjected to a brushing action.

i. A hat brushing machine comprising feed rolls arranged to move a hatbody at a predetermined rate of speed and a plurality of cooperatingbrush rolls in staggered relation all operating at the same peripheralspeed and arranged to act upon the hat body at the same time as the feedrolls and tending to produce a motion thereof at a faster speedwherebythe hat body is subjected to a brushing action.

A hat brushing machine comprising cooperating brush rolls arranged tooperate at the same peripheral speed and held against longitudinalmovement and means for moving a hat body between the brush rolls at aspeed which is different from the peripheral speed of the rolls, eachbrush roll having bands of bristles arranged to produce a transversebrushing action on the hat body.

6. A hat brushing machine comprising a stationary tank, an under framepivotally connected to the rim of the tank at one end, bearing bracketsdepending therefrom into the tank, a pair of feed rolls and a pluralityof interposed brush rolls rotatably supported in parallelism by thebrackets, an upper frame also pivoted to the rim ofthe tank, adjustablebearing brackets mounted on the upper frame, a plurality of feed andbrush rolls cooperating with the feed and brush rolls ofthe under frameand rotatably supported in said adjustable bearing brackets, and meansfor driving all of said rolls irrespective of the positions to whichthey are adjusted, each brush roll of the upper set being adapted tocooperate with two of the lower sets. 7

7. A hat brushing machine comprising a stationary tank, an under framepivotally connected to the rim of the tank at one end, bearing bracketsdepending therefrom into the tank, a pair of feed rolls and a plu-Copies of this patent may be obtained for rality of interposed brushrolls rotatably supported in parallelism by the brackets, an upper framealso pivoted to the rim of the tank, adjustable bearing brackets mountedon the upper frame, a plurality of feed and brush rolls cooperating withthe feed and brush rolls of the under frame, rotatably supported in saidadjustable bearing brackets and means for driving the brush rolls at apredetermined peripheral speed, driving one set of feed rolls at alesser peripheral speed and driving the other set of feed rolls at agreater peripheral speed, the upper brush rolls being staggered inrelation to the lower set and each adapted to cooperate with two of thelower rolls.

8. A hat brushing machine comprising a stationary tank, an under framepivotally connected to the rim of the tank at one end, bearing bracketsdepending therefrom into the tank, a pair of feed rolls and a pluralityof interposed brush rolls rotatably supported in parallelism by thebrackets, an upper frame also pivoted to the rim of the tank,adjustable'bearing brackets mounted on the upper frame, a plurality offeed and brush rolls cooperating with the feed and brush rolls of theunder frame, rotatably' supported in said adjustable bearing brackets, adriving shaft and interposed gears for suitably operating the feed andbrush rolls arranged to operate the brush rolls at the peripheral speedwhich differs from that of the feed rolls, the upper brush rolls beingstaggered in relation to the lower brush rolls and each adapted tocooperate with two of the lower rolls.

9. A hat brushing machine comprising a plurality of relatively fixedrotatable brush rolls, relatively adjustable brush rolls each of whichcooperates with two of said relatively fixed rolls, feed rolls and meansfor driving the brush rolls and the feed rolls at unlike peripheralspeeds.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 24: day of March,1913.

ARTHUR- B. WARING.

Witnesses:

Ennns'r W. MARSHALL,

FRED. H. KOEHLER.

five cents each. by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington,D. C.

